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01 Jan 1970

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Corfu

Corfu

Together with its smaller satellite islands, Corfu, also known as Kerkyra, is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea that forms the northwest border of Greece. Along with the islands of Othonoi, Ereikoussa, and Mathraki, the island is governed by three municipalities and is a part of the Corfu regional unit. Corfu is also the name of the island's main city, which has a population of 32,095. Ionian University is located in Corfu.The island is associated with Greece's history from the earliest days of Greek mythology and has seen many conflicts and conquests. Ancient Korkyra participated in the Battle of Sybota, which Thucydides claims was the biggest naval conflict between Greek city states up to that point and served as a prelude to the Peloponnesian War. Along with Athens and Corinth, Thucydides states that in the fifth century BCE, Korkyra was one of Greece's three major maritime powers.Palaiopolis is home to the remains of Greek temples and other ancient Korkyra archaeological sites. As a result of the Middle Ages' battles against Ottoman and pirate invasions, the island is dotted with medieval castles at key spots. Its capital, the only city in Greece to be fortified in this manner, is surrounded by two of these fortresses. Thus the Greek government has formally designated the capital of Corfu as a kastropolis (or "castle city"). Venice is the source of Corfu's urban architecture, which is indicative of the island's Venetian control from 1386 until 1797. The Old Town of Corfu, one of Greece's World Heritage Sites, features architecture with a distinctly Venetian flavor, as do its winding lanes, known as the kantounia. Other noteworthy structures from the Venetian era include the first Greek opera house, the Nobile Teatro di San Giacomo di Corfù, and Liston, a multi-story commercial and residential complex with an arched colonnade at ground level that is lined with eateries and cafes on the east side and eateries and other shops on the west.Mass gatherings, including parades, frequently take place on Liston's main avenue. The Spianada (Esplanade), the expansive main plaza and park that includes Maitland's memorial, a pavilion, and a cricket field, is where Liston is located. Notable are the Old and New forts, the recently renovated Palace of Sts. Michael and George, which was once the seat of the Ionian Senate and the residence of the British colonial governor, and the summer Palace of Mon Repos, which was once owned by the Greek royal family and the birthplace of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.The Park of Mon Repos is situated on a portion of Kerkyra's Palaiopolis, where the Greek Archaeological Service carried out excavations in cooperation with scholars and universities from across the world. Examples of the discoveries are on display in the Archaeological Museum of Corfu and the Museum of the Palace of Mon Repos.

Delphi

Delphi

According to legend, Delphi, once known as Pytho, was a huge sacred precinct and the home of Pythia, the principal oracle who was consulted on significant choices throughout the classical era. As evidenced by the stone monument known as the Omphalos of Delphi (navel), the ancient Greeks believed that Delphi was the center of the world.The Delphyne, a she-serpent (drakaina) who dwelt there and was slain by the deity Apollo, is said to have given Delphi its name, according to the Suda (in some stories the serpent was the male serpent (drakon) Python).A designated area on the southwest slope of Mount Parnassus is home to the sacred precinct.Since 1938, it has been a part of Parnassos National Park and is now a vast archaeological site. The numerous monuments erected there by the majority of the major ancient Greek city-states, proving their basic Hellenic unity, attest to the precinct's significant importance in the ancient world and its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The majority of the ruins that are still standing now are from the sixth century BC, when the site was most active.According to ancient belief, the location is home to a series of mythological temples, the first constructed from Tempe's olive branches, the second made of beeswax and wings, and the third constructed by Hephaestus and Athena. The architects Trophonios and Agamedes are said to have designed the first edifice with archaeological evidence, which dates to the seventh century BC. The Alcmaeonids constructed a new building, which also burned down in the fourth century BC, when it burned down in 548/7 BC. The Temple of Apollo was a peripheral Doric structure, and the remnants that may be seen now date from the fourth century BC. Agathon, Xenodoros, and Spintharus were the ones who built it.

Mykonos

Mykonos

A Greek island in the Cyclades, Mykonos is situated between Tinos, Syros, Paros, and Naxos. The island is 85.5 square kilometers (33.0 square miles) in size, and its highest point is 341 meters (1,119 feet) above sea level. There were 10,704 people living there as of the 2021 census, with the majority residing in Mykonos, the largest town on the west coast. As is customary in Greece when the name of the island itself is the same as the name of the main town, the town is also called Chora, which translates to "Town" in Greek. Because of the extremely powerful winds that frequently blow on the island, Mykonos is known as "The Island of the Winds" . One of the main industries is tourism, and Mykonos is well-known for its exciting nightlife. According to Herodotus, the island's first occupants were Carians. In the early 11th century BC, Athens-based Ionians appear to have come next. Only 2 km (1.2 miles) distant, the nearby island of Delos was home to a large population, making Mykonos a crucial location for transit and supplies. But in the past, it was a relatively impoverished island with few agricultural resources. Its people worshipped numerous gods and were polytheists. During the Roman Empire, Mykonos was ruled by the Romans. From the 12th century onward, it was a member of the Byzantine Empire. After Constantinople fell during the Fourth Crusade in 1204, Andrea Ghisi took control of Mykonos. The island was finally turned over to direct Venetian administration in 1390 after being devastated by the Catalans at the end of the 13th century.Suleiman the Magnificent's admiral, Hayreddin Barbarossa, attacked Mykonos in 1537, when the Venetians were still in power, and an Ottoman navy anchored on the island. Under Kapudan Pasha's command, the Ottomans enforced a self-governance system that included an appointed council of syndics and a governor. The last Venetians left the area in 1718 after the Ottomans captured the castle of Tinos.   Despite having many Mediterranean climate (Csa) traits and being heavily impacted by the Aegean Sea, Mykonos has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climatic classification: BSh) due to its low overall precipitation, according to the National Observatory of Athens. The months of October through March are considered the rainy season. The vegetation grows around mid-autumn and terminates in the early summer, according to the usual trend for the area.The average daily temperature is approximately 27.0 °C (80.6 °F) in the summer and 15 °C (59 °F) in the winter. In the winter, the average overnight temperature is 11 °C (52 °F), and in the summer, it is 24 °C (75 °F).

Santorini

Santorini

Around 200 kilometers (120 miles) southeast of the mainland, in the southern Aegean Sea, sits the Greek island of Santorini, also known as Thira (Greek: Θήρα, romanized: Thíra, pronounced [ˈθira]) or Thera. The Santorini caldera created a small, round archipelago of islands, of which this is the largest. It is the southernmost island in the Cyclades group, with an area of around 73 km2 (28 sq mi), and has 15,480 residents according to the 2021 census. The populated islands of Santorini and Therasia, as well as the uninhabited islands of Nea Kameni, Palaia Kameni, Aspronisi, Anydros, and Christiana, are all part of the municipality of Santorini. The entire land area is 35 square miles, or 91 km².Part of the Thira regional unit is Santorini.In the South Aegean Volcanic Arc, it is the most active volcanic center. The volcanic arc is roughly 20 to 40 km (12 to 25 mi) wide and 500 km (300 mi) long. Although volcanism on Thera started about 2 million years ago with the eruption of dacitic lavas from vents around Akrotiri, the region first saw volcanic activity 3–4 million years ago [citation needed]. About 3,600 years ago, the island experienced one of the biggest volcanic eruptions in recorded history, leaving behind thick layers of volcanic ash and a sizable caldera filled with water.Santorini has a hot, semi-arid climate (Köppen climatic classification: BSh) with Mediterranean (Csa) features, including dry summers and comparatively wet winters, according to the National Observatory of Athens. Its average annual temperature is about 19 °C (66 °F), and its average annual precipitation is about 270 mm (11 in).

Acropolis Museum

Acropolis Museum

The Acropolis Museum, also known as Mouseio Akropolis (Greek: Μoυσείο Ακρόπολης), is an archaeological museum that focuses on the discoveries made at the Acropolis of Athens. From the Greek Bronze Age to Roman and Byzantine Greece, the museum was constructed to house every relic discovered on the rock and on the nearby slopes. Additionally, the remains of a portion of Roman and early Byzantine Athens are situated above the Acropolis Museum. The museum was founded in 2003, and the institution's organization was created in 2008. On June 20, 2009, it became publicly accessible.The display spans 14,000 square meters and includes approximately 4,250 items.The Acropolis was home to the first museum, which was finished in 1874 and expanded somewhat in the 1950s. However, successive excavations on the Acropolis uncovered many new artifacts which significantly exceeded its original capacity. When the Greeks requested the repatriation of the Elgin Marbles from the British Museum in the 20th century, museum officials stated that Greece lacked a proper place to show them. This was another reason for building a new museum. In all previous plans for the design of a new museum, the creation of a gallery for the display of the Parthenon Marbles has been central.In the fourth competition, Bernard Tschumi's design was chosen as the winner. Three ideas were central to Tschumi's design: movement, light, and a programmatic and tectonic component. Three floors display the museum's holdings, and a fourth center level has auxiliary areas like the offices, café, and museum store. The results of the Acropolis' slopes are displayed on the museum's first floor. The floor of the long, rectangular hall slopes upward, like the rock's ascent. The archaic discoveries are housed in a huge trapezoidal hall that follows the hall.